Cause and Effect

Chemical Reaction On Battery

Chemical Reaction On Battery - As a basic lesson you should reread the previous page such as the explanation of electrolyte and vent plug. Understanding the description means that you are ready to learn what is being said here.
Battery at the time of discharging and recharging will happen chemical reaction. Here is the full description.

- Chemical Reactions On Discharging
What is meant by discharging is the use of battery (capacity) content. Chemical reactions that occur are: PbO2 + 2 H2SO4 + Pb ---> PbSO4 + 2 H2O + PbSO4
At the end of discharging, the positive plate and negative plate will become PbSO4 and the electrolyte will be H2O.

- Chemical Reactions On Recharging
Recharging is the battery charging process. Chemical reactions that occur are:
PbSO4 + 2 H2SO4 + PbSO4 ---> PbO2 + 2 H2SO4 + Pb
The end of this recharging process, the positive plate returns to PbO2 and its negative plate Pb, while the electrolyte is re-formed into H2SO4.

- Electrolyte solution
This electrolyte solution comprises a mixture of 1.835 Heavy Sulfuric Acid (H2SO4) and water (H 2 O) of type 1 with a known composition such as the following picture:

The mixed yield of 36 sulfuric acid and 64% of the water produced a heavy electrolyte of 1,270 at 80º F (27ºC).

Terminal Voltage

Terminal voltage is the limit of allowable battery voltage during discharging and recharging.
• When Dicharging. When the battery is used with a large current, for example used to rotate the engine start time, then the resistance in the battery will rise. This is not only due to the reduced sulfuric acid (which is supposed to maintain the speed of chemical reactions between the plates and the electrolyte), but also due to the battery's polarization. Volatge battery terminals in one cell are used for 20 hours (for battery N 200) and the current used is 10 A.

• When Recharging. At the time of recharging (the charging current is approximately one tenth of the average discharging current) it will result in a rise in the potential difference between the positive and negative terminals. At the time of recharging, bubbles will arise due to perektwa elektolisa (decomposition) H2O. The bubbles can cause short battery life. Therefore, when recharging when it reaches the terminal voltage, then recharging must be stopped.

- Self Discharge

A battery that has been charged electrolyte, if ignored (not used) will lose its electrical charge. This is because after the battery is charged electrolyte, the battery begins to experience a chemical reaction, although the battery is used or not. Such properties can not be avoided on all batteries. The loss of a stored electrical charge without usage through an external circuit is called self discharge. The causes of self discharge can be inferred because the negative plate acts directly with sulfuric acid from the electrolyte to form lead sulfate (PbSO4). The short relation between the positive plate and the negative plate through the precipitate of the active material. And the last is if the temperature and concentration of electrolyte is not evenly distributed around the plate positively and negatively there will be local electrochemical reaction.

Things like the above that cause the battery charge will decrease even though not used. Chemical reactions that occur in the battery will be faster with an increase in electrolyte temperature. This too
Means "Self Discharge" will increase faster if the temperature is higher. The chemical reactions that occur within
The battery will be faster with an increase in electrolyte temperature. So battery storage at low temperatures is more effective at reducing self discharge speed.

Another factor that accelerates self discharge is when the electrolyte or distilled water disiikan into the battery contains test materials, because it will cause local reactions.